Since का use conjunction में 'से' या 'के बाद' की तरह किया जाता है.Sentence में SINCE से पहले वाला verb present perfect tense में होना चाहिए और उसके बाद वाला verb past indefinite tense में होना चाहिए। Example-Incorrect- Many rules changes since I had left.
Correct- Many rules have changed since I left.
Incorrect- A week passed since I have been contacting you.
Correct- A week has passed since I tried to contact you.
Rules for change of words showing nearness.Direct Indirect
This that
These those
Here there
now/ just then
Today that day
Yesterday the previous day
Tomorrow the next day
Tonight that night
Last night the previous night
Rules for changing the Helping verb (direct speech to indirect speech)Direct Indirect
Is, am was
Are were
Has, have had
Shall, will would
Can could
May might
Do, does did
Must no change
Should no change
Had no change
Would no change
Could no change
The rule for changing reporting verb (Direct speech to Indirect speech)Direct Indirect
Say, says (without object) No change
Say to, says to (with object) Tell, tells
Said (without object) No change
Said to (with object) Told
“Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate: only love can do that.”― Martin Luther King Jr.“अंधेरे से अंधेरा नहीं निकल सकता: केवल रौशनी ही ऐसा कर सकती है। नफरत, नफरत से बाहर नहीं निकल सकती: केवल प्यार ही ऐसा कर सकता है। ”- मार्टिन लूथर किंग जूनियर।